The Cost of Broken Promises or How Policy Failure Can Help Win Elections - Immigration and the 2015 UK General Election
نویسنده
چکیده
Do policy failures inevitably lead to electoral punishment? This paper examines the role ofimmigration in the 2015 UK general election to argue that policy failure can be electorallysuccessful. In the 2010 election, the Conservatives had committed to reduce net migrationto under one hundred thousand. As majority partners in the 2010-15 Coalition government,they failed spectacularly to achieve this, overseeing a substantial increase in net migration.By 2015 immigration was highly salient and the electorate wanted it reduced. The paperargues that the Conservatives won a majority not despite their migration policy failure, butin large part because of it. Their failure to reduce immigration and address public anxietycontributed to the emergence of UKIP as an anti-immigration party, a development whichdisproportionately harmed Labour in the 2015 election. UKIP’s anti-immigration messagehelped the Conservative win victories in a number of key marginal constituencies, thuscontributing to their unexpected majority. Le coût des promesses non tenues ou comment des objectifsmanqués peuvent permettre de remporter des élections -L’immigration et les élections législatives de 2015 Les politiques publiques qui manquent leurs objectifs mènent-elles inévitablement aux échecsélectoraux ? Cet article analyse le rôle de l’immigration dans les élections législatives de2015 pour montrer que les objectifs manqués peuvent contribuer à un succès électoral. Lorsdes législatives de 2010, les conservateurs s’étaient engagés à réduire les chiffres nets del’immigration à moins de 100 000. En tant que partenaires majoritaires dans le gouvernementde coalition de 2010-2015, ils ont échoué de manière spectaculaire à atteindre cet objectif, etont vu au contraire une augmentation substantielle de l’immigration nette. Cet article montreque les Conservateurs ont gagné la majorité en 2015 non pas malgré cet échec en matière The Cost of Broken Promises or How Policy Failure Can Help Win Elections Immigration an (...)14 Revue Française de Civilisation Britannique, XX-3 | 2015migratoire, mais en bonne partie à cause de lui. Leur incapacité à réduire l’immigrationet de répondre aux anxiétés de l’opinion sur le sujet a contribué à l’émergence de UKIPcomme parti anti-immigration, ce qui a nui de manière disproportionnée aux travaillistes. Lemessage anti-immigration de UKIP a facilité la victoire des conservateurs dans un ensemblede circonscriptions marginales cruciales, contribuant ainsi à leur majorité inattendue.
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